1/10/2024 0 Comments War and Peace instal![]() It follows that we must examine collective ways of thinking, i.e., in the last instance, cultural facts. events and situations which not only relate to theories, but also to beliefs, customs and so on. The second difficulty lies in the fact that both war and peace are collective behaviour, i.e. The first difficulty lies in the fact that what we are acquainted with ( bekannt) – war and peace – is indeed not properly known ( erkannt) (we believe we know what war and peace are, but beyond the empirical evidence of a few isolated facts, there is no acceptable theory, and therefore no effective technique for avoiding war, etc.). I must say too that the various difficulties that I have encountered have affected the style of this paper. As regards my own outlook, I must say that it entirely coincides with the outlook of those who deem that peace should be made the supreme goal of political struggle, since war is now equated with the possibility of self-destruction of mankind. Thus, I shall limit myself to saying that the problem of peace ought to be looked at from four viewpoints (the non existence of a peace culture, the situation of peace, the existence or otherwise of a process working towards this situation, the way in which peace is conceived in political action) and also to tackle here the first aspect which to my mind seems crucial when studying peace as an aspect of cultural process, while trying only, as far as my way of approaching the question is concerned, not to depart from the tradition of political realism. In the present situation of uncertainty of political science and sociology, in order to attain this goal it would be necessary to justify almost every term used, and it is clear that, therefore, it would be impossible to focus properly on one single theme (whether peace or another subject). ![]() When we consider major political problems, if we claim to provide the analysis with a rigorously scientific method, insuperable difficulties arise. I do not intend to examine the problem of peace from a strictly scientific standpoint. ![]()
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